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The IUP Journal of Telecommunications

Nov'17
Focus

Mobile and wireless communication systems have evolved from FM-based analog cellular system via TDMA and CDMA-based second-generation digital systems to 3GPP/3GPP2 and LTE-based standard of third/fourth-generation...

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Malicious Cluster Identification in Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing Using Fuzzy-Based Classifier
Enhanced Opportunistic Network Parameters
The Performance of Wireless Sensor Network Simulators Using Advanced On-Demand Vector (AODV) Protocol
Thorough Investigation of Artificial Neural Network with Applied Back Propagation Algorithm in Aperture Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna
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Malicious Cluster Identification in Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing Using Fuzzy-Based Classifier

--Sanvi Khandelwal, Preeti Trivedi and S V Charhate

The cooperative communication system has gained lots of interest due to effective utilization of the allotted spectrum. Spectrum sensing techniques are a key factor for the cooperative communication system. A number of sensors are deployed to sense the spectrum hole. The group or clusters of the sensor are used to make out the decision about the spectrum hole. The presence of malicious sensor affects the performance of spectrum sensing. In this paper, the trust on the group or cluster has been identified based on the fuzzy classification. The fuzzy classifier takes the input in terms of reporting cluster trust value, neighborhood trust value and primary weight index. The membership values of these three linguistic variables are used by fuzzy interference system to decide the trust value of the group or cluster. The number of malicious user has been introduced during the simulation and performance has been identified. The Eigenvalue-based spectrum sensing is also simulated in this paper and the effect of different SNRs on the decision accuracy is shown.

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Enhanced Opportunistic Network Parameters

--Anushree S Dhore, R D Kanphade and G S Ambadkar

In the last few years, there has been a drastic increase in the use of mobile devices. Along with the increase of these devices, the data generated is massive. These data are also shared between them. Many protocols are used for data sharing. System parameters assume a critical part in the productive working of it. Additionally, these parameters are firmly identified with each other. Opportunistic sharing means that these devices have an opportunity to share data. When the data is shared, all the nodes are active during transmission. This causes network congestion or traffic and influences the execution of the system. This paper includes two methods for selecting only one node for transmission, instead of all nodes being active. After implementing these methods, network parameters are improved. Detection of network is done depending on the number of the nodes in network. The first method is to detect if the network is sparse or dense network. The second method is to count the hop limit and lifetime of sharing data between two mobile nodes. Parcel delivery proportion, throughput, vitality and overhead are the parameters considered in this paper.

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The Performance of Wireless Sensor Network Simulators Using Advanced On-Demand Vector (AODV) Protocol

--M Khaleel Ullah Khan and K S Ramesh

Simulation in wireless networks is very important before the real-time implementation of any project. For this purpose, design engineers and research community first simulate the networks design and then go for implementation of any project. These will help to build new theories and hypotheses. Since the invention of wireless networks, a number of simulators have been available, and upgradation and enhancement in characteristics are being done for the network simulators. A few examples of these simulators are NS-2, NS-3, SWAN, JIST, OMNET, GloMoSim, etc. The crucial decision for selecting the simulator depends upon its evaluating characteristics such as speed of evaluation, memory usage for running the simulator, utilization of the CPU cycles and scalability by simulating a routing protocol. Therefore it becomes important to choose the simulator accordingly depending upon the project. In this paper, different network simulators like NS-3, NS-2, GloMoSim and OMNet++ are used to compare network performance characteristics like memory usage, CPU utilization and computational time using AODV protocol.

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Thorough Investigation of Artificial Neural Network with Applied Back Propagation Algorithm in Aperture Coupled Microstrip Patch Antenna

--Satish K Jain and Jaya Chakrawarty

The paper presents application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based technique for the analysis of aperture coupled feed microstrip patch antenna. Thorough discussion of ANN along with back propagation algorithm has been done. A neural network-based model using back prorogation algorithm was developed with the help of few antennae variable geometrical parameters as inputs and their responses. This trained network is able to locate the resonance frequency for microstrip patch antenna having aperture coupled feed operating within the L (1-2 GHz), S (2-4 GHz), C (4-8 GHz) and partial X-band X (8-10 GHz) bands. These frequency bands are useful for various indoor Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications and little satellite communication respectively. Developed ANN model takes design (geometrical) parameters of antenna like square patch dimension(length = width), length of the slot on the ground plane, width of the slot as inputs and deliver the respective resonance frequency as output within almost no time. The validity of the network is tested with the simulation results obtained from the CST software and experimental result.

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Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India

Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario

If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.

Indian Scenario

The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.

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