The
New Indian Woman (NIW) is a hardworking, multitasker
who juggles her role as a wife, mother, career woman.
She inherited this ability for multitasking from her
mother, along with a confidence in that ability. However,
because of various factors, she has also taken on
the additional task of pursuing a career. The traditional
role of woman as a wife, who would sew, cook and clean
with part time help from a maid has eroded and given
way to one who pursues her aspirations and is largely
dependent on full time help at home. The NIW's role
as a mother has new transformed into that of a facilitator.
Unlike her mother, she is less of a guide and mentor
to her children and more of a friend. As a career
woman, the NIW is more ambitious. She is driven not
only by money, but also by `achievement motivation'.
It is only in her role as a female, that the NIW has
not changed much. She is still vulnerable - she is
still gender constrained.
While
globalization led to the evolution of the NIW across
both urban and rural India, the reasons for this transformation
in each sector are different. Globalization had a
direct impact on the urban NIW, in terms of exposure.
The direct example of this was the proliferation of
cable TV channels. Beaming international content into
homes across the country, exposed the NIW to foreign
cultural influences. The opening of the economy resulted
in many MNCs entering the Indian market. The job market
for qualified women opened up, attracting those seeking
a career and improving their families' lifestyle.
Her rising affluence and the influence of a multicultural
workplace, also influenced her purchase behavior.
She became more demanding in terms of quality, design,
style and price. She also looked at products as a
means of achieving her desired lifestyle.
Things
did not move so fast for the rural NIW. For a long
time, she had been mired in a world where the lack
of basic facilities and economic opportunities limited
her contact with the outside world. Life was a daily
struggle for basic necessities like food, water and
clothing, not to mention expenditure on items like
seeds and fertilizers. The spread of cable TV brought
a greater awareness of the world beyond their villages.
It also created a greater knowledge about self-help
schemes, different standards of living and the products
that went with them. The success of rural self-help
groups and microcredit schemes resulted in a rise
in the earnings of the rural NIW. |