This paper focuses on the current trends in Supply Chains. With regard to this, new organizational architectures have begun to appear as a consequence of the strategic project pointing to the integration into a Supply Chain. This integration must be understood in the field of an Extended/Virtual Enterprise as an extension and improvement of external company management, which allows the basic/lows (physical and information), within a customer orientation. This is a study of the textile industry in Spain, which focuses on home-textile micro-cluster. The most common enterprise relationships are established with either the customer/supplier or it could be the other enterprises in a similar business. In this area, subcontracting is becoming increasingly important. This involves the specialization of the companies involved, which, in turn, creates a change in the organizational models of the sector. As a direct consequence, some companies are establishing alliances constituted as networks of collaborative companies, which act as nodes in a Virtual Enterprise (VE), each of which contribute the best part of its knowledge and experience. All operate directly with the customer giving the impression that the customer is dealing with a single company.
The
supply chain is an approximation of inter-organizational
relations, focusing on the successive value creation phases
belonging to a set of enterprises organized vertically.
In particular, it is a chain in which each component is
a customer of the previous link and a supplier of the following
link, and on each occasion, where one is the supplier, one
must meet the requirements of the customer, who must clearly
and precisely provide feedback about these. The supply chain
can therefore, be considered as a network of facilities
and distribution options, for developing the tasks of securing
materials, for the transformation of materials into semi-finished
and finished products, and for the distribution of these
finished products to the end consumer. That is, the supply
chain includes all the activities carried out from the movement
of raw materials to the delivery of the finished product
to the end consumer/user, and the customer service entailed
in these services.
In
this context, the SCM is a management system which establishes
and controls this supply chain; a system which cannot follow
traditional, authoritarian lines, but which must be based
on the involvement and commitment of all the constituent
parts of the supply chain, working towards a common project:
the obtainment of end user satisfaction. The SCM must be
a system, which includes all the constituent parts of the
chain in their entire magnitude and manages these in their
entirety, obtaining the complete involvement of all the
constituent parts. |