Corporate intangibles have recently become more and more important in the
economic life and for the success of corporate activities. For most of the companies, intangibles
are essential factors for their progress, and a considerable part of their corporate
value. Corporate intangibles are assets that are not perceptible to touch, insubstantial or
eluding the grasp of the mind; and one type of the very broad spectrum of corporate
intangibles is brands.
A brand is any word, tone, design or symbol to identify and distinguish one
product or a group of products from other
products (Plasseraud and Dehaut, 1994). In other
words, a brand is a commercial term which can be a name, a logo, distinctive packaging or
a combination of both, which serves to identify the origin of a product or a group
of products and it enables the consumer to distinguish the branded product from
other products. Brands also promote the customer's loyalty for the product.
Brands have, over time, been hardly recognized in the balance sheets of most
corporate organizations; this is because there was no accounting standard to back up their
valuations and disclosures in the balance sheets. However, there was an exposure draft published
by Accounting Standards Committee (ASC) in 1990 and in 1994, the Accounting
Standards Board (ASB) published a discussion paper entitled, "Goodwill and Intangible
Assets" (ASB, 1994). |