A prudent individual foresees the difficulties ahead and prepares for them; the simpleton goes blindly on and suffers the consequences.Asudden accident or a natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life is something very noxious and depressive both psychologically as well as physiologically. The diction `Disaster' conveys tragedy, calamity or debacle. But the disasters are a part of the environment whether they are man made or naturalwhether it is earthquake, Tsunami or a terror strike. Society tends to forget their devastation and horror after sometime. But the mental and physical agony sticks to the victims throughout their lives. Though we cannot predict many of the disasters, certainly we could devise management strategies to prevent them and face them without losing heart. Floods,
cyclones, earthquakes and landslides, hurricanes, terror strikes
or accidents have hazardous effects both in micro and macro
terms. Celly and Gupta (1999) have given a beautiful description
of natural disaster. They have written that it is a natural
hazard, which is an event of nature, which causes sudden disruption
to the normal life of a society and damage to property, to
such an extent that normal, social and economic mechanisms
available to the society are inadequate to restore normality.
The past two decades have witnessed an extraordinary increase
in the number of natural disasters. Phillips and Boulle (1999)
stated that there were three times as many great natural hazards
in the recent past compared to in 1960s, while disaster costs
increased more than nine-fold in the same period. According
to Geneva Mandate adopted at the International Decade for
Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), we have to adopt and implement
policy measures at the international, regional, national and
local levels aimed at reducing the vulnerability of our societies
to natural disasters. These measures should have as main objectives
the establishment of hazard resistant communities, the protection
of people from the threat of disasters and safeguarding of
our natural and economic resources.
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