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Projects and Profits Magazine:
Earned Schedule: Schedule Performance Analysis from EVM Measures
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Earned Value Management (EVM) is a wonderful management system, integrating, in a very intriguing way, cost, schedule, and technical performance. It is a system, however, that causes difficulty to those just being introduced to its concepts. EVM measures schedule performance not in units of time, but rather in cost, i.e., dollars. After overcoming this mental obstacle, we later discover another quirk of EVM - at the completion of a project which is behind schedule, Schedule Variance (SV) is equal to zero, and the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) equals unity. This article discusses the dilemma with the EVM schedule indicators, SV and SPI. A method for resolving the problem is presented in the article.

 
 
 

This article is only slightly modified from my seminal article on Earned Schedule (ES) (Lipke, 2003). This republication in Projects & Profits is especially appropriate to this issue dedicated to "Emerging Trends in Project Management." Although the knowledge and use of ES has grown immensely over the last six years, the method unfortunately remains unknown to many. The article is intended to raise the curiosity and interest of those who are unaware of the method and further expand the uptake of ES.

From 2003 until the present, much has happened. For those applying ES, the method is broadly considered to be a significant advancement to the practice of EVM. ES has propagated across the world, including the USA, Australia, United Kingdom, Belgium, Spain, Canada, India, and other countries, as well. It is being used across all industries applying EVM for all sizes of projects. Furthermore, the method is being used in research, instructed in some universities, and is included in recent project management texts and the newer EVM analysis tools. Presently, ES is being considered for inclusion in the PMI Practice Standard for EVM.

The measure of ES has provided analysis and forecasting capability to those using EVM, until now not believed possible. Parallel to forecasting final cost using EVM measures, ES facilitates a simple calculation for the forecasting of project completion dates. Additionally, another measure has been derived from ES, "Schedule Adherence." This measure, in turn, has provided the capability to perform detailed analysis, yielding identification of process constraints and impediments and specific tasks having the likelihood of future rework. These advancements are not addressed in this article. However, literature is freely available for your study and exploration at the ES Website, www.earnedschedule.com.

As you will see in reading the article, the concept of ES is very straightforward. It is not difficult to grasp. Furthermore, if you are presently using EVM in your approach to project management, there is almost insignificant effort required to add and utilize the capabilities offered by ES. I hope with this preface, you are inspired to read on.

Within the Software Division (SD) at Tinker AFB, an organization I once managed, EVM has been applied for several years. It has proven to be a tremendous aid to project planning, tracking, and decision making. And, the reporting methods of EVM serve as a good tool for communicating with management and customers, as well. Over the years, the SD has evolved the application of EVM. Statistical techniques are used to predict project outcomes, and historical data is used for new project planning.

 
 
 

Projects & Profits Magazine, Earned Value Management, Project Management, Project Planning, Statistical Techniques, Decision Making Process, Computation Methods, Schedule Performance Index, Performance Measurement Baseline, PMB, Management Indicators, Software Division.