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The IUP Journal of Computer Sciences

Vulnerability Assessment and Analysis of SCADA and Foundation Fieldbus on Industrial Control System (ICS) Networks: A Literature Review

Article Details

Pub. Date	: April, 2023
Product Name	: The IUP Journal of Computer Sciences
Product Type	: Article
Product Code	: IJCS030423
Author Name	: Lokesh Nelligere S, Thippe Swamy G, Mubashir Ahmed Akheel and Chandramma R
Availability	: YES
Subject/Domain	: Management
Download Format	: PDF Format
No. of Pages	: 32

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Abstract

With the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), there have been many cases where machines present in Industrial Control System (ICS) network have been compromised and threats have been a major concern in each layer of topology. Initially, ICS networks were connected within boundaries without the risk of being exposed to the outer network, but with recent developments, they have been exposed to public Internet which is making them vulnerable to threats. Many ICS networks present today communicate with devices in Level 0 with Foundation Fieldbus (FF) protocol which follows OSI layer architecture, exposing it to major threats occurring on all the seven layers.

Introduction

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are very complex and also vulnerable, but they are also a very important part of manufacturing which affects our day-to-day lives. In each aspect of life like food, transport, agriculture, automobiles, oil and gas, etc., industries play a vital role in meeting the increasing demand. There has been numerous threats and hacks done on these systems. All industries deploy devices for measuring parameters like temperature, pressure, and flow. These devices are sensors or actuators which communicate with controllers through different communication protocols. Foundation Fieldbus (FF), HART, Modbus are a few of the mostly used protocols for communication. FF protocol has been largely deployed in a majority of industries because of its numerous benefits over HART and other communication protocols. FF follows OSI seven layer of architecture, which also makes it vulnerable to all attacks that are possible on TCP/IP since it follows the same architecture. A thorough understanding of all attacks and

Keywords

Foundation Fieldbus (FF), Industrial Control Systems (ICS), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Denial-of-Service (DoS), Man-in-the-Middle (MitM), CyberSecurity

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