Dec '20
Focus
The first paper, "Measuring Critical Governance Sustainability at Various Levels: The Case of Bulgarian Agriculture" by Hrabrin Bachev, highlights the need for a comprehensive assessment framework of the governance sustainability of agriculture. The study proposes a holistic framework for understanding and assessing the governance sustainability of agriculture industry in general and Bulgarian agriculture industry, in particular. The proposed framework is "tested" in a large-scale study for assessing the governance sustainability of the country's agriculture at national, sectoral, regional, ecosystem and farm levels. The study has proved that it is important to include the "missing" governance pillar in the assessment of the integral sustainability of agriculture and sustainability of agro-systems of various types. Multiple principles, criteria and indicators assessment of the governance sustainability of Bulgarian agriculture indicate that the overall governance sustainability is at a "good" but very close to the "satisfactory" level. The findings also suggest that there is a considerable differentiation in the level of integral governance sustainability of different agro-systems in the country. What is more, the individual indicators with the highest and lowest sustainability values determine the "critical" factors enhancing and deterring the particular and integral governance sustainability of evaluated agro-system. Last but not the least, results on the integral agrarian sustainability assessment based on micro (farm) and macro (statistical, etc.) data show some discrepancies which have to be taken into consideration in the analysis and interpretation, while assessment indicators, methods and data sources further improved.
The case study, "Li & Fung: Battling the Global Supply Chain Challenge" by Hadiya Faheem and Debapratim Purkayastha, discusses the evolution of a global supply chain giant Li & Fung Limited's (Li & Fung) from a regional sourcing agent to a global supply chain manager supplying apparel, accessories, and other products to global retailers. The company became a 'one-stop shop' for Western retailers by delivering a 'global value-added package', including product design and development, raw material and factory sourcing, production planning and management, quality assurance, and shipping consolidation. While the company tasted success as a supply chain manager, its inability to grasp
e-commerce and several digital trends proved to be catastrophic for the company and led to a decline in its revenues. The rapid expansion of fast-fashion brands such as Spanish apparel retailer Zara SA (Zara) and Swedish multinational clothing retail company Hennes & Mauritz AB (H&M), also shook up Li & Fung's traditional sourcing business as retailers began directly communicating with factories to reduce their costs. To add to its troubles, the US announced trade restrictions on Chinese imports in mid-2018. Though the trade war had a huge impact on Li & Fung, it maintained that it was prepared to weather the storm. The company said that its global network of production in
50 countries, decades-long relationships with factories outside China, and its ability to quickly move to production countries would enable a smooth transition out of China. Despite Li & Fung's optimism, analysts wondered how the company would tackle the challenge of the US-China trade war and continue with its supply chain management dominance in global markets.
The research note, "Can Crowd Logistics Overcome the Coronavirus Crisis?" by Gilles Pache, highlights the importance of crowd logistics. The author states that approaches in terms of crowd logistics are largely unknown despite being a very dynamic reality in many Asian and European countries. Crowd logistics mainly relies on the dormant logistics resources of individuals, i.e., resources that are available but not used, to carry out delivery activities. A growing number of platforms such as Uber Eats, Deliveroo or Just Eat have realized that they can use this potential of "amateur" logisticians as part of their business model. This research note indicates that the coronavirus crisis, particularly in terms of the health constraints now imposed on populations to cope with the spread of Covid-19, is threatening the expansion of crowd logistics. European countries have effectively put social interactions "under control" for many months, which could have a direct impact on the use of amateur logisticians, by favoring a strong return of "professional" logisticians.
Measuring Critical Governance Sustainability at Various Levels: The Case of Bulgarian Agriculture
In Bulgaria, like in many other countries, practically there are no comprehensive assessments of the governance sustainability of agriculture and its importance for the overall agrarian development. This study tries to fill the gap and suggests a holistic framework for understanding and assessing the governance sustainability of Bulgarian agriculture. The newly elaborated approach is "tested" in a large-scale study for assessing the governance sustainability of country's agriculture at national, sectoral, regional, ecosystem and farm levels. The study has proved that it is important to include the "missing" governance pillar in the assessment of the integral sustainability of agriculture and sustainability of agro-systems of various types. Multiple principles, criteria and indicators assessment of the governance sustainability of Bulgarian agriculture indicate that the overall governance sustainability is at a "good" but very close to the "satisfactory" level. Besides, there is a considerable differentiation in the level of integral governance sustainability of different agro-systems in the country. What is more, the individual indicators with the highest and lowest sustainability values determine the "critical" factors enhancing and deterring the particular and integral governance sustainability of evaluated agro-system. Last but not the least, results on the integral agrarian sustainability assessment based on micro (farm) and macro (statistical, etc.) data show some discrepancies which have to be taken into consideration in the analysis and interpretation, while assessment indicators, methods and data sources further improved.
Li & Fung: Battling the Global Supply Chain Challenge
The case discusses global supply chain giant Li & Fung Limited's (Li & Fung) evolution from a regional sourcing agent to a global supply chain manager supplying apparel, accessories, and other products to global retailers. The company became a 'one-stop shop' for Western retailers by delivering a 'global value-added package', including product design and development, raw material and factory sourcing, production planning and management, quality assurance, and shipping consolidation. While the company tasted success as a supply chain manager, its inability to grasp e-commerce and several digital trends proved to be catastrophic for the company and led to a decline in its revenues. The rapid expansion of fast-fashion brands such as Spanish apparel retailer Zara SA (Zara) and Swedish multinational clothing retail company Hennes & Mauritz AB (H&M), also shook up Li & Fung's traditional sourcing business as retailers began directly communicating with factories to reduce their costs. To add to its troubles, the US announced trade restrictions on Chinese imports in mid-2018. Though the trade war had a huge impact on Li & Fung, it maintained that it was prepared to weather the storm. The company said that its global network of production in 50 countries, decades-long relationships with factories outside China, and its ability to quickly move to production countries would enable a smooth transition out of China. Despite Li & Fung's optimism, analysts wondered how the company would tackle the challenge of the US-China trade war and continue with its supply chain management dominance in global markets.
Can Crowd Logistics Overcome the Coronavirus Crisis?