Article Details
  • Published Online:
    October  2024
  • Product Name:
    The IUP Journal of Accounting Research & Audit Practices
  • Product Type:
    Article
  • Product Code:
    IJARAP031024
  • Author Name:
    Dhanraj Sharma, Ruchita Verma and Murad Baqis Hasan
  • Availability:
    YES
  • Subject/Domain:
    Finance
  • Download Format:
    PDF
  • Pages:
    44-57
Audit Quality, Gender Diversity and Corporate Performance: An Analysis of Listed Companies in India
Abstract

The paper examines the impact of audit committee characteristics, specifically independence, gender diversity and external audit quality, on the financial performance of publicly listed companies in India. Focusing on a sample of 65 companies over nine fiscal years (2013-2022), the study utilizes panel data analysis approach to explore the relationships between these governance factors and key financial performance metrics, including price-to-earnings ratio (PE), price-to-book ratio (PB), earnings per share (EPS) and market capitalization by enterprise value (MCAPEV). The findings reveal that audit committee independence significantly enhances firm performance, particularly in terms of PB and EPS. However, the effect of gender diversity within audit committees presents mixed results with significant impact on PE, but inconsistent effects across other performance metrics. Additionally, the study highlights the positive influence of high-quality external audits, particularly those conducted by Big Four firms on firm performance, although this effect varies across different financial metrics. These results underscore the critical role of robust corporate governance practices in improving financial outcomes, offering valuable insights for corporate boards, policymakers and regulators in emerging markets.

Introduction

The downfall of prominent multinational corporations in recent years has attracted considerable attention from investors, regulators and scholars. These failures, as documented by Srivastava (2009), have been largely attributed to deficiencies in corporate governance practices, particularly inadequate external audit procedures and ineffective audit committees.