Article Details
  • Published Online:
    October  2025
  • Product Name:
    The IUP Journal of Structural Engineering
  • Product Type:
    Article
  • Product Code:
    IJSE031025
  • DOI:
    10.71329/IUPJSE/2025.18.4.37-52
  • Author Name:
    Ashwini L K, M Keshavamurthy and C M Ravi Kumar
  • Availability:
    YES
  • Subject/Domain:
    Engineering
  • Download Format:
    PDF
  • Pages:
    37-52
Volume 18, Issue 4, October-December 2025
Confined Concrete Models of Mander and Kent & Park: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract

Confinement of concrete in the form of steel stirrups enhances flexural strength and deformation capacities. This paper reviews the existing models that contribute to concrete strength. The concept of confined concrete model, along with its need and behavior, is highlighted. Various confined models proposed by Hognestad, Sargin, Sheik and Uzmeri, Scott, Saatcioglu and Razvi are discussed. A detailed explanation is presented with respect to Mander and Kent & Park’s confined models along with their formulations.

Introduction

Concrete that is laterally restricted by reinforcement in the form of steel spirals or stirrups is known as confined concrete. When exposed to compressive load in a single direction, this reinforcement applies lateral passive pressure to concrete as it expands as a outcome of Poisson’s effect.