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The IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development

Sep'13
Articles

Women Empowerment and SHG Federations: Different Pathways for Micro-Entrepreneurs and Others

--T V Janaki and V V Sesha Mohan

The last decade witnessed discussions about the overwhelming impact of microfinance in empowering women and fighting out the age-old gender discrimination. Ample number of success stories of women were quoted in this context. Many state governments, taking the cue, acted swiftly in identifying the ‘best fit’ model of Self-Help Group (SHG)-bank linkage program and implementing it. SHG federation model is one such improved model of microfinance. However, the changing times were also a witness to the ‘melt down’ of high expectations about the transformational effects of microfinance. Several doubts were raised about the genuineness of gender equity brought about by mere financial help. Disillusioned by the performance of microfinance in empowering women, it is now widely felt that a further probe is necessary about the process of empowerment that exactly takes place. The present paper attempts to study the impact of the program on SHG members, i.e., loan beneficiaries in the Ranga Reddy district of Andhra Pradesh. Respondents are divided into two groups, namely, micro-entrepreneurs and passive beneficiaries and the path of empowerment for both these groups is identified. Empowerment taking place in various domains is studied and it is concluded that the path of empowerment is different for each group.

© 2013 IUP. All Rights Reserved.

Women Entrepreneurship: The Changing Status

--Sujata Mukherjee

In the 21st century, women-owned businesses in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector appear to have mushroomed in most large cities of the country. The collective forces of urbanization and support from government as well as non-governmental organizations have given impetus to women entrepreneurship. This study attempts to assess the impact of entrepreneurship development on women. The study reports that venturing into entrepreneurship was taken up as a survival strategy by women. However, it had a positive influence on the women entrepreneurs in terms of self-esteem, self-confidence, and decision making leading to their empowerment.

© 2013 IUP. All Rights Reserved.

A Study of Skill-Related Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Success in India

--Balram Choubey, Taniya Sinha and J K Pattanayak

Entrepreneurship has been considered as a catalyst for economic development, poverty alleviation and employment generation. It is also viewed as a vital mechanism for formation and growth of new firms and consequently, the creation of jobs and wealth. The present study tries to determine the skillrelated factors in Indian entrepreneurs with special reference to Jharkhand state due its poor entrepreneurial performance despite being a mineral-rich state. The study measures entrepreneurial success in terms of ‘business outlook’. A set of five dimensions, namely, leadership skills, communication skills, human relation skills, technical skills and inborn aptitude, is identified from prior research works and preliminary interviews with experts. A questionnaire survey is used to collect data for all five dimensions reflecting the degree of influence of these dimensions on entrepreneurial success in Jharkhand. Finally, a multiple regression analysis is carried out to examine the relationship between these five skill-related dimensions and entrepreneurial success.

© 2013 IUP. All Rights Reserved.

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Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India

Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario

If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.

Indian Scenario

The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.

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