Agricultural
Trade and its Linkages to Macroeconomic Variables in the
Indian Economy
-- Deepika
M G
This
paper articulates that India has very little share in
the world trade of agricultural commodities. This paper
states that the importance of external trade lies with
the linkage it has with the other sectors of the economy
like the terms of trade, level of prices, trade balance,
etc., which act as a mechanism to enhance growth in the
economy. Further, this study examines the relationship
between exports and growth in GDP in agriculture and finds
that there is a two-way causation between the two, seen
through the trends in simple growth rates and also through
the results of the Granger Causality Test. An increase
in export growth is preceded by a favorable growth in
GDP in agriculture. But establishing the causality from
exports to growth seems to be difficult, since the variables
affecting the growth in agriculture are many. According
to this study, the period of early 1990s and mid 1990s
was favorable for all, as against the late 1990s, which
showed a declining growth in prices, capital formation,
exports and the GDP. This study also points out that the
terms of trade has shifted in favor of agriculture in
the 1990s, which seems to play a greater role in inducing
the growth in the agriculture sector as well as in the
economy.
2006
IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Trade
Liberalization and Terms of Trade in Dairy Products in
India
-- T
R Rajarajan
The
combined effects of both domestic reforms and WTO commitments
in the last decade have changed the environment in which
the Indian dairy industry will operate in future. Terms
of trade is a significant indicator of gains from trade
and efficiency of domestic industry. In average terms,
the terms of trade of Indian dairy products has declined
in the post-liberalization period as compared to pre-liberalization
years. The year-wise trend is unstable with wide fluctuations
in post-liberalization years. The real effects of trade
liberalization will unfold only when the WTO provisions
are properly implemented.
2006
IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Economic
Development of Agriculture in India
-- M
Ramanjaneyulu
This
paper broadly estimates the growth rate of agricultural
GDP that is based on factors such as capital formation,
institutional credit and fertilizer consumption. Since
these variables have a positive effect on GDP the null
hypothesis is rejected. Further, this study also estimates
the export performance of agriculture on agriculture GDP
and tests whether the increasing expenditure on subsidies
results in reduction of agriculture capital formation.
For this purpose, this study uses log linear regression
models at various levels. The author concludes that in
order to strengthen trade promotion of agro-products,
central and state governments have to involve practically
rather than make policies.
2006
IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Estimating
Growth Rates and Decomposition Analysis of Food Grains
Production in India
-- Gyan
Prakash, Ram Kumar Jha and R C Sharma
The
main objectives of this study are to examine: (1) the
growth and pattern in India's food grain production and
(2) the decomposition of the total yield increases into
pure yield effect and cropping pattern. The present study
is based on secondary data for the last 44 years, i.e,
from 1955-56 to 1998-99. The study shows that there is,
in fact, some deceleration from Pre-green Revolution Period
to the Green Revolution Period, coming substantially from
a decline in the growth rate of area in the Post-green
Revolution Period/Pre-economic Reform Period and Post-economic
Reform Period. The major contribution of output is through
yield increase. The first order interaction of yield and
cropping pattern was a major factor for the growth of
food grain output. Therefore, the future effort should
be made to stabilize and expand the area of food grains
along with increasing yield level. For this, modern technology
of agriculture should be promoted, which consists of pest
and disease resistant varieties.
2006
IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Can
Micro Initiatives Strengthen Links Among Gender, Development
and Democracy: Empirical Evidence from the State of Andhra
Pradesh
-- S
Galab and P Prudhvikar Reddy
This
study examines how far women self-help groups model of
development has helped empower women and whether formal
and informal institutions relating to state, market and
civil society have become inclusive of poor women due
to women self-help groups model of development. The authors
articulate that extreme poverty and widespread inequality
between men and women are the main impediments to democracy
and development. Further, this study suggests that as
gender equality is an important factor in the development
process, empowerment of women may address this issue to
some extent. To sum it up, among all the women-based group
models of poverty alleviation, the Self-Help Groups (SHGs)
are promoted as basic entities and are federated to tackle
higher order functions.
2006
IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Determinants
of Rural Non-farm Employment in Telangana Region of Andhra
Pradesh: A Case Study
-- M
Koteswara Rao and P Venu Gopal
This
study explicates that Agriculture still continues to be
the major source of employment in the developing countries
like India. It is distressing to note that more than five
decades of agricultural growth could not relieve the burden
of agriculture in absorbing the labor force. In this paper,
the determinants of Rural Non-farm Employment (RNFE) in
telengana region in Adilabad district are analyzed. A
multivariate statistical technique is used in the analysis
of determinants and agricultural, demographic variables
and infrastructure facilities are taken into consideration.
The authors conclude that the analysis on the trends and
determinants of RNFE clearly show that agricultural and
demographic changes have a significant bearing on the
level and the composition of RNFE in the study area.
2006
IUP . All Rights Reserved.